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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma, a form of cancer caused by asbestos exposure, is a cancer that occurs naturally. The disease usually develops decades after the exposure. Doctors treat mesothelioma with chemotherapy radiation, surgery and chemotherapy. Treatment can help patients live longer. There are three kinds of mesothelioma. The stage and the type of cells that compose the tumor can affect the prognosis. What is mesothelioma? Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the mesothelium, thin layer of tissue lines internal organs. It is caused by exposure to asbestos, which is a group of fibrous minerals. The exposure to asbestos is usually when people inhale or swallow asbestos fibers. These asbestos particles adhere to the lining of organs and cause irritation, leading to tumors. The diagnosis of mesothelioma can be determined by doctors after they examine the tumors and collect a tissue sample also called a biopsy. Mesothelioma can be classified based on the kind of cells are present in the tumors. The three types are epithelial biphasic and sarcomatoid mesothelioma. Epithelial mesothelioma is the most popular type which accounts for approximately 50% of all diagnoses. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is the cause of 10 percent of cases and has a poorer prognosis than epithelial mesothelioma. Biphasic Mesothelioma is a mixture of epithelial cells and sarcomatoid ones. It is responsible for 30-40% of all diagnoses. Symptoms of mesothelioma may include breathing problems and chest pain or discomfort in the abdomen. These symptoms may be similar to those of other conditions. It is important to seek out a physician immediately when you notice them. Treatment for mesothelioma could improve symptoms, reduce tumour growth and allow patients to live longer. Treatment options include chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. Patients can also get palliative treatment, which helps to manage discomfort and pain. Doctors are still researching ways to treat mesothelioma as well as how it spreads. New treatments include immunotherapy which uses your body's immune system to fight cancer. This experimental treatment has shown promise in certain mesothelioma cases. Patients may also participate in clinical trials, which are research studies of new treatments. The majority of mesothelioma patients will be treated in specialist cancer centers where they can get access to doctors with experience treating the condition. Diagnosis A mesothelioma-related diagnosis is the first step to receive treatment that will prolong your life span. Your doctor will begin by examining your symptoms and health history, then determining the type of mesothelioma in your body. This is vital because the three primary mesothelioma cell types respond differently to treatment. Your doctor may order an X-ray of the chest or CT scan as the first test. During the procedure, you lie on a table while the X-ray or CT machine takes a clear image of your chest and the organs that surround it. Prior to the procedure, a small amount of dye, which is usually iodine, is given. The dye makes the tissue in your abdomen or chest lighter and easier to observe. You may be asked to take breath tests during this period of time. If these tests show the possibility of a tumor that is cancerous or mass the doctor may order a biopsy. A biopsy is the process of removing the tumor or mass, either surgically or by inserting a needle into the area. The sample is examined under a microscope for mesothelioma. Our doctors can employ ultrasound to find lymph nodes that have enlarged that could be mesothelioma. This procedure is known as endobronchial Ultrasonography-guided needle biopsy, or EBNA. It is done on an outpatient basis so you can return home the same day. A mesothelioma specialist must also know your stage of the cancer. The stages are determined by how the cancer has spread, and what kind of mesothelioma you are suffering from. A mesothelioma expert can give you a precise diagnosis to ensure you receive the appropriate treatment. Treatment The treatment plan for mesothelioma patients is determined by the severity of the disease and their overall health. Mesothelioma patients generally receive multimodal therapy that consists of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. The first step to treat mesothelioma is to undergo an examination for physical health and telling the doctor about any past exposure to asbestos. Doctors may also recommend blood tests or imaging scans to check for mesothelioma, and to rule out other diseases. These include CT (computerized tomography) scans; MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans FDG-PET (fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography) scans; and mediastinoscopy (used to examine and test lymph nodes in the chest cavity). The majority of mesothelioma-related pleural cases are treated surgically. A patient can undergo a minimally invasive procedure, such as video-assisted needle biopsy, or CT-guided surgical thoracoscopic. Both surgeries can alleviate symptoms and increase the lifespan of patients. Chemotherapy, a treatment, uses drugs to kill cancerous cells and stop them from growing. It is a standard mesothelioma treatment, and can prolong the life expectancy of patients. It is available in intravenous (IV) drip or pill form. Radiation is another mesothelioma therapy which can kill cancerous cells and shrink tumors. It is used to treat pleural cancer at different stages, and also to reduce pain and prolong the life of patients. In the latter stages of mesothelioma treatment doctors focus on controlling symptoms to extend a patient's lifespan as much as is possible. This kind of treatment is known as palliative treatment. Despite the low survival rate of mesothelioma, there's still many survivors. For instance, paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould, who was diagnosed with mesothelioma of the peritoneal region in 1982, lived for an additional 20 years until he passed away from complications from another illness. Signs and symptoms Mesothelioma may cause symptoms for months or even years before a diagnosis is made. Early symptoms could be mistaken for other ailments or overlooked. If you do experience any of these symptoms, it is crucial to see your physician immediately. The organs of your body are wrapped in a layer of tissue known as mesothelium. This layer keeps them from touching each and rubbing against each other. Mesothelioma affects mesothelium cells which form the lining of many of your organs. The majority of cases of mesothelioma start in the lining around your lungs, however it could also occur in the lining of your heart (pericardium) or abdomen (peritoneum) and within the lining surrounding your testicles (tunica vaginalis). bend mesothelioma lawsuit of mesothelioma may include fatigue, chest pain, and breathlessness. Mesothelioma can also cause fluid to build up in the chest wall and lungs leading to an edema called pleural. Pleural effusions can put pressure on the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing and cough. Doctors diagnose mesothelioma following a thorough medical exam and examining the patient's history. They may request chest X-rays which can reveal signs of signs of abnormalities like thickening the lung lining, or the accumulation of fluid in the chest wall. They may also request an CT scan, MRI or PET scan to have a more detailed look at your lungs and other tissues. They can also make use of ultrasound-guided needles for draining fluid from the pleura and peritoneum. A biopsy will reveal what mesothelioma types are forming the tumor and how they develop. This will allow doctors to determine the best treatment options. The three most common types of mesothelioma treatment are radiation, surgery and chemotherapy. Prevention Mesothelioma is not preventable, but you can reduce your chance of developing it by avoiding people who are exposed to asbestos and staying away. Exposure to asbestos could cause lung cancer and other illnesses that affect organ linings. There are many types of mesothelioma. Some are more serious than others. Some types of mesothelioma are easier to treat. Asbestos is made up of a group of minerals with microscopic fibers. Manufacturers employed it in the construction industry as well as other industrial products without being aware of the dangers it poses. Blue-collar workers and veterans were especially exposed to asbestos. Asbestos is known as a hazard and should not live in a house or work in an old factory that has asbestos. If you have an antecedent of exposure to asbestos, talk with your doctor about getting regular screening. X-rays and CT or MRI scans can help identify problems with your lungs and abdomen. A biopsy may also help identify cancer in the chest's lining or stomach. Doctors will test samples of tissue from this area to determine whether you suffer from mesothelioma. There is a chance that you have pleural mesothelioma which affects your lung's lining. Other types include pericardial, testicular or peritoneal. After asbestos exposure, it can take many years before mesothelioma is diagnosed. Even then, it can be difficult to identify. It is often mistakenly diagnosed with other illnesses or conditions like pneumonia, bronchitis or cancer. This can prevent you from receiving the proper treatment. Researchers are working to improve the diagnosis and developing tests to detect mesothelioma earlier. This could lead to better treatments and a greater chance of survival. The study includes genetic testing to determine the people most likely to develop mesothelioma.